Abstract

The obstruction theory and analytical geometry were used to determine the equations of the rays emerging from a pair of gratings separated by an air gap, and a theory of the formation and location of spatial moiré fringes was developed. Fringes resulting from plane gratings lie in planes; the location and inclination of these moiré planes depend upon the magnitude and sign of the following parameters: (i) the linear disparity, (ii) the air gap, and (iii) the relative grating inclination.

The appearance of spatial moiré fringes from any point of view and the resulting interfringe spacing on a camera image plane were investigated. In particular, the appearance of the spatial moiré fringes, which have been utilized in strain analysis, was investigated. Experimental evidence satisfactorily supported the theoretical findings.

© 1968 Optical Society of America

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