Subshell Binding Energies of Atoms and Ions from Hydrogen to Zinc*

Wolfgang Lotz

doi:10.1364/JOSA.58.000915

Journal of the Optical Society of America
Vol. 58,
Issue 7,
pp. 915-921
(1968)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSA.58.000915

Subshell Binding Energies of Atoms and Ions from Hydrogen to Zinc

Wolfgang Lotz

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Wolfgang Lotz, "Subshell Binding Energies of Atoms and Ions from Hydrogen to Zinc*," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 58, 915-921 (1968)

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Abstract

Binding energies of electrons in all subshells of free atoms and of ions of all ionization stages of the elements hydrogen through zinc (Z = 30) are given with full regard to experimental values, in the sense that experimental values are preferred in all cases of doubt.

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	H	He	Li	Be	B	C	N	O	F	Ne
WF	⋯	⋯	2.5	3.9	4.6	4.4	⋯	⋯	⋯	⋯
ΔIP	0.0	0.0	⋯	⋯	3.6	4.9	5.3	6.5	8.8	3.3
ΔBE	⋯	⋯	⋯	⋯	⋯	⋯	⋯	4.8	6.8	3.5

ΔK	0.0	0.0	3.2	4.0	4.0	4.2	1.4	6.0	8.6	3.2

	Na	Mg	Al	Si	P	S	Cl	A	K	Ca

WF	2.3	3.7	4.2	3.6	⋯	⋯	⋯	⋯	2.2	3.2
ΔIP	4.4	5.5	5.3	5.2	4.1	2.4	6.2	3.4	4.4	4.3
ΔBE	⋯	⋯	(10)	5.9	3.5	4.4	7.0	3.9	0.9	⋯

ΔK	2.9	3.0	4.4	5.1	2.5	4.0	6.6	3.4	2.6	2.9
ΔL_I	3.7	2.6	3.3	5.3	1.7	2.8	6.8	6.5	3.9	3.2
ΔL_III	2.9	2.6	3.9	4.8	1.8	3.2	6.0	3.4	2.4	2.6

	Sc	Ti	V	Cr	Mn	Fe	Co	Ni	Cu	Zn

WF	⋯	4.2	4.1	4.4	4.0	4.6	4.2	4.9	4.5	4.3
ΔIP	⋯	⋯	⋯	⋯	⋯	⋯	⋯	⋯	⋯	⋯
ΔBE	1.4	4.3	5.8	5.9	5.7	5.4	6.1	6.4	8.8	3.1

ΔK	1.2	3.6	4.9	5.8	5.0	5.0	6.1	5.2	7.1	4.4
ΔL_I	2.6	3.3	4.8	7.4	6.0	4.9	5.4	6.9	6.4	4.4
ΔL_III	0.8	3.5	5.1	5.5	4.7	4.9	6.4	5.3	6.9	4.3
ΔM_I	1.2	3.7	5.5	5.9	5.1	5.1	6.3	5.2	7.2	5.1
ΔM_III	0.7	3.4	5.2	5.5	4.4	5.0	6.5	4.9	6.4	4.4

Z	Species	[eV]	Δ	Δ²
3	Li i	58	57
4	Be i	115	77	20
5	B i	192	96	19
6	C i	288	115	19
7	N i	403	135	20
8	O i	538	156	21
9	F i	694	176	20
10	Ne i	870	205	29
11	Na i	1075	233	28
12	Mg i	1308	256	23
13	Al i	1564	280	24
14	Si i	1844	304	24
15	P i	2148	328	24
16	S i	2476	353	25
17	Cl i	2829	377	24
18	A i	3206	404	27
19	K i	3610	431	27
20	Ca i	4041	453	22
21	Sc i	4494	476	23
22	Ti i	4970	500	24
23	V i	5470	525	25
24	Cr i	5995	549	24
25	Mn i	6544	573	24
26	Fe i	7117	598	25
27	Co i	7715	623	25
28	Ni i	8338	648	25
29	Cu i	8986	677	29
30	Zn i	9663

Z	$\underset{\to}{ζ}$	I	II	III	IV	V	VI	VII	VIII	IX	X	XI	XII	XIII	XIV	XV	XVI	XVII	XVIII	XIX	XX	XXI	XXII	XXIII	XXIV	XXV	XXVI

1	E	13.60
2	He	24.59	54.4
3	Li	.58	75.6	122.4
4	Be	115	126	153.9	217.7
5	B	192	206	221	259.4	340.2
6	C	288	306	325	344	392.1	490.0
7	N	403	426	448	471	494	552.1	667.0
8	O	538	565	592	618	645	671	739.3	871.4
9	F	694	724	754	785	815	846	876	953.9	1103.1
10	Ne	870.1	903	937	971	1005	1039	1074	1108	1195.8	1362.2
11	Na	1075	1101	1139	1177	1215	1253	1291	1329	1367	1465.1	1648.7
12	Mg	1308	1333	1360	1402	1444	1486	1528	1570	1612	1654	1761.8	1962.6
13	Al	1564	1590	1618	1646	1692	1738	1784	1830	1876	1922	1968	2086.0	2304.1
14	Si	1844	1872	1901	1930	1959	2009	2059	2109	2160	2210	2260	2310	2437.7	2673.1
15	P	2148	2178	2208	2238	2269	2300	2354	2408	2462	2517	2571	2625	2679	2816.9	3069.8
16	S	2476	2508	2540	2571	2603	2636	2668	2726	2785	2843	2902	2960	3018	3076	3223.8	3494
17	CL	2829	2862	2896	2929	2962	2996	3030	3064	3126	3189	3252	3315	3377	3439	3501	3658	3946
18	A	3206.3	3241	3276	3311	3346	3381	3417	3452	3488	3554	3621	3688	3755	3821	3887	3953	4121	4426
19	K	3610	3644	3681	3718	3754	3791	3828	3866	3902	3940	4010	4881	4152	4223	4293	4363	4433	4611	4934
20	Ca	4041	4075	4110	4149	4187	4225	4264	4303	4342	4380	4420	4494	4569	4644	4719	4793	4867	4941	5129	5470
21	Sc	4494	4530	4567	4604	4644	4684	4724	4764	4805	4846	4886	4928	5006	5085	5164	5243	5321	5399	5477	5675	6034
22	Ti	4970	5008	5047	5086	5125	5167	5209	5251	5292	5335	5378	5420	5464	5546	5629	5712	5795	5877	5959	6041	6249	6626
23	V	5470	5511	5551	5592	5633	5674	5717	5761	5605	5848	5893	5938	5982	6028	6114	6201	6288	6375	6461	6547	6633	6851	7246
24	Cr	5995	6038	6080	6122	6165	6208	6250	6295	6341	6387	6432	6479	6526	6572	6621	6711	6802	6893	6984	7074	7164	7254	7482	7895
25	Mn	6544	6589	6633	6677	6721	6766	6810	6854	6901	6949	6997	7045	7094	7143	7191	7242	7336	7431	7526	7621	7715	7809	7903	8141	8572
26	Pe	7117	7164	7210	7256	7301	7348	7394	7440	7486	7535	7585	7636	7686	7737	7788	7838	7891	7939	8088	8187	8286	8384	8482	8580	8829	9278
27	Co	7715	7763	7811	7859	7906	7954	8002	8050	8098	8146	8198	8250	8303	8355	8408	8451	8513	8569	8671	8774	8877	8980	9082	9184	9286	9544
28	Ni	8338	8387	8436	8486	8535	8585	8635	8685	8735	8785	8835	8889	8943	8998	9053	9108	9163	9217	9275	9381	9488	9595	9702	9808	9914	10020
29	Cu	8986	9035	9086	9137	9188	9240	9292	9344	9396	9448	9500	9552	9609	9665	9722	9779	9836	9893	9949	10009	10119	10230	10341	10452	10562	10672
30	Zn	9663	9708	9760	9813	9866	9919	9973	10028	10082	10136	10190	10244	10298	10357	10415	10474	10533	10592	10651	10709	10772	10886	11001	11116	11231	11345

Z	$\underset{\to}{ζ}$	I	II	III	IV	V	VI	VII	VIII	IX	X	XI	XII	XIII	XIV	XV	XVI	XVII	XVIII	XIX	XX	XXI	XXII	XXIII	XXIV	XXV	XXVI

3	Li	5.39
4	Be	9.32	18.2
5	B	12.93	25.2	37.9
6	C	16.59	30.9	47.9	64.5
7	N	20.33	36.7	55.8	77.5	97.9
8	O	28.43	42.6	63.8	87.6	113.9	138.1
9	P	37.85	53.8	71.9	97.8	126.2	157.2	185.2
10	Ne	48.47	66.4	86.2	108.1	138.6	171.7	207.3	239.1
11	Na	67	80.1	102.0	125.7	151.1	186.4	224.1	264.2	299.9
12	Mg	92	104	118.8	144.4	172.0	201.1	241.0	283.4	328.0	367.4
13	Al	121	134	148	164.5	193.9	225.2	257.8	302.5	349.5	398.6	441.9
14	Si	154	169	183	198	217.2	250.2	285.2	321.3	370.8	422.5	476.1	523.3
15	P	191	207	223	239	255	276.8	313.4	352.2	391.7	445.9	502.4	560.5	611.6
16	S	232	249	267	284	302	319	443.5	383.6	426.0	468.9	527.3	589.2	651.9	706.8
17	Cl	277	295	314	333	352	371	390	417.1	460.7	506.7	553.0	616.8	683.0	750.1	809.0
18	A	326.5	345	365	386	406	426	447	468	497.6	544.8	594.3	643.9	712.7	783.7	855.3	918
19	K	381	399	420	442	464	485	507	530	553	585.1	635.8	688.9	741.8	815.4	891.3	968	1034
20	Ca	441	459	478	501	525	548	571	595	620	645	679.7	733.8	790.4	846.7	925.1	1006	1087	1157
21	Sc	503	523	543	564	589	614	639	664	690	717	744	781.3	838.9	899.0	958.4	1042	1128	1213	1288
22	Ti	567	589	611	633	656	683	710	737	764	792	821	850	890.0	951.1	1015	1077	1165	1256	1346	1425
23	V	633	658	682	706	730	755	784	813	842	871	901	932	963	1006	1070	1137	1203	1296	1392	1486	1569
24	Cr	702	730	756	782	808	834	861	892	923	954	985	1017	1050	1083	1129	1197	1267	1336	1434	1535	1634	1721
25	Mn	775	804	833	861	889	917	945	974	1007	1040	1073	1106	1140	1175	1210	1259	1330	1404	1476	1579	1685	1788	1880
26	Fe	851	882	913	943	973	1003	1033	1063	1094	1129	1164	1199	1234	1270	1307	1344	1397	1471	1548	1622	1731	1842	1950	2045
27	Co	931	963	996	1028	1060	1092	1124	1156	1188	1221	1258	1295	1332	1369	1407	1446	1485	1541	1619	1699	1776	1890	2007	2119	2218
28	Ni	1015	1048	1082	1116	1150	1184	1218	1252	1286	1320	1355	1394	1433	1472	1511	1551	1592	1633	1694	1775	1858	1938	2056	2178	2295	2399
29	Cu	1103	1136	1171	1207	1243	1279	1315	1351	1387	1423	1459	1496	1537	1578	1619	1660	1702	1745	1788	1853	1938	2023	2106	2229	2357	2478
30	Zn	1198	1228	1264	1301	1339	1377	1415	1453	1491	1529	1567	1605	1644	1687	1730	1773	1816	1860	1905	1950	2020	2108	2196	2281	2410	2543

Z	$\underset{\to}{ζ}$	I	II	III	IV	V	VI	VII	VIII	IX	X	XI	XII	XIII	XIV	XV	XVI	XVII	XVIII	XIX	XX	XXI	XXII	XXIII	XXIV	XXV	XXVI

5	B	8.30
6	C	11.26	24.4
7	N	14.53	29.6	47.4
8	O	13.62	35.1	54.9	77.4
9	P	17.42	35.0	62.7	87.1	114.2
10	Ne	21.56	41.1	63.4	97.1	126.2	157.9
11	Na	34	47.3	71.7	98.9	138.4	172.1	208.5
12	Mg	54	65	80.1	109.3	141.3	186.5	225.0	265.9
13	Al	77	90	103	120.0	153.8	190.5	241.4	284.6	330.2
14	Si	104	118	133	148	166.8	205.2	246.5	303.1	351.1	401.4
15	P	134	150	166	183	200	220.5	263.4	309.3	371.7	424.4	479.5
16	S	168	185	203	221	240	258	281.0	328.4	379.0	447.1	504.6	564.5
17	Cl	206	224	243	263	283	303	323	348.5	400.3	455.6	523.3	591.7	656.4
18	A	248.6	267	287	308	330	351	373	395	422.8	479.1	539.0	618.5	685.7	755.3
19	K	296	314	335	357	380	403	426	450	474	503.9	564.7	629.4	714.6	786.6	861.1
20	Ca	349	366	386	409	433	458	483	508	534	560	591.9	657.2	726.6	817.6	894.5	974
21	Sc	403	423	443	465	490	516	543	570	597	625	653	686.8	756.7	830.8	927.5	1009	1094
22	Ti	459	482	504	527	551	578	606	635	664	693	723	753	788.6	863.1	941.9	1044	1131	1221
23	V	518	543	568	593	618	644	673	703	734	765	796	828	860	897.3	976	1060	1168	1260	1355
24	Cr	580	607	634	662	689	716	744	775	807	840	873	906	940	974	1013	1097	1185	1299	1396	1496
25	Mn	645	674	703	733	763	792	821	851	884	918	953	988	1023	1059	1095	1136	1224	1317	1437	1539	1644
26	Fe	713	744	775	807	839	871	902	933	965	1000	1036	1073	1110	1147	1185	1223	1265	1358	1456	1582	1689	1799
27	Co	785	818	851	884	918	952	986	1019	1052	1086	1123	1161	1200	1239	1278	1318	1358	1402	1500	1603	1735	1846	1962
28	Ni	860	895	930	965	1000	1036	1072	1108	1143	1178	1214	1253	1293	1334	1375	1416	1458	1500	1546	1648	1756	1894	2011	2131
29	Cu	938	975	1012	1049	1086	1123	1161	1199	1237	1274	1311	1349	1390	1432	1475	1518	1561	1605	1649	1697	1804	1916	2060	2182	2308
30	Zn	1024	1058	1097	1136	1175	1214	1253	1293	1333	1373	1412	1451	1491	1534	1578	1623	1668	1713	1759	1805	1854	1966	2084	2234	2361	2493

Z	$\underset{\to}{ζ}$	I	II	III	IV	V	VI	VII	VIII	IX	X	XI	XII	XIII	XIV	XV	XVI	XVII	XVIII	XIX	XX

11	Na	5.14
12	Mg	7.65	15.0
13	Al	10.62	18.8	28.4
14	Si	13.46	22.9	33.5	45.1
15	P	16.15	26.8	38.6	51.5	65.0
16	S	20.20	30.7	43.8	57.6	72.7	88.0
17	Cl	24.54	36.0	48.9	64.1	79.8	97.0	114.2
18	A	29.24	41.7	55.5	70.4	87.6	105.2	124.5	143.4
19	K	37	47.9	62.4	78.0	95.1	114.2	133.7	155.1	175.8
20	Ca	46	58	70.1	86.4	103.8	123.0	144.0	165.3	188.8	211.3
21	Sc	55	68	82	95.6	113.7	132.7	154.0	176.8	200.0	225.6	249.8
22	Ti	64	79	93	109	124.2	144.1	164.8	188.2	212.8	237.8	265.5	291.6
23	V	72	89	106	122	139	156.1	177.6	200.0	225.4	251.9	278.8	308.6	336.4
24	Cr	80	99	117	136	154	172	191.2	214.3	238.3	265.8	294.0	322.9	354.8	384.4
25	Mn	89	109	129	149	169	189	209	229.4	254.2	279.8	309.2	339.4	370.2	404.1	436
26	Fe	98	119	141	162	184	205	227	249	270.8	297.2	324.4	355.8	387.8	420.7	457	490
27	Co	107	130	153	176	199	222	245	268	292	315.4	343	372	406	439	474	512	547
28	Ni	117	141	166	190	215	239	264	288	313	338	363.2	393	423	458	494	531	571	608
29	Cu	127	153	179	205	231	257	283	309	335	361	387	414.3	446	477	514	552	591	633	672
30	Zn	141	165	192	220	247	275	303	330	357	385	412	439	468.6	502	535	574	613	654	698	739

Z	$\underset{\to}{ζ}$	I	II	III	IV	V	VI	VII	VIII	IX	X	XI	XII	XIII	XIV	XV	XVI	XVII	XVIII

13	Al	5.99
14	Si	8.15	16.3
15	P	10.49	19.7	30.2
16	S	10.36	23.4	35.0	47.3
17	Cl	12.97	23.8	39.9	53.5	67.6
18	A	15.76	27.6	40.9	59.7	75.2	91.2
19	K	18.7	31.7	45.8	61.1	82.7	100.0	117.8
20	Ca	28	38	51.2	67.3	84.5	108.8	128.0	147.6
21	Sc	33	46	59	73.9	91.9	111.0	138.0	159.0	180.5
22	Ti	38	53	68	83	99.9	119.7	140.7	170.4	193.2	216.5
23	V	43	60	77	94	111	129.0	150.6	173.4	205.8	230.5	255.7
24	Cr	48	67	86	104	123	142	161.1	184.7	209.3	244.4	270.8	298.0
25	Mn	53	74	94	115	135	155	176	196.5	221.8	248.3	286.0	314.4	343.6
26	Fe	59	81	103	125	147	169	190	213	234.9	262.0	290.3	330.8	361.0	392
27	Co	66	89	112	135	159	182	206	229	253	276.4	305	336	379	411	444
28	Ni	73	97	122	146	171	196	221	246	271	296	321.0	352	384	430	464	499
29	Cu	80	106	132	158	184	210	236	263	289	316	342	368.8	401	435	484	520	557
30	Zn	91	115	142	170	197	225	252	280	308	336	364	391	419.7	454	490	542	579	619

Z	$\underset{\to}{ζ}$	I	II	I	II	III
19	K	4.34		⋯
20	Ca	6.11	11.9	⋯	⋯
21	Sc	6.54	12.8	8	14	24.8
22	Ti	6.82	13.6	8	15	27.5
23	V	6.74	⋯	8	14.7	29.3
24	Cr	6.77	⋯	8.25	16.5	31.0
25	Mn	7.43	15.6	9	17	33.7
26	Fe	7.87	16.2	9	17.5	30.7
27	Co	7.86	⋯	9	17.1	33.5
28	Ni	7.63	⋯	10	18.2	35.2
29	Cu	7.73	⋯	10.4	20.3	36.8
30	Zn	9.39	18.0	11.2	24	39.7

Z	Species	L_IIL_III	Species	L_IIL_III
10	Ne i	0.097	Ne i	0.097
11	Na i	0.16	Na ii	0.169
12	Mg i	0.27	Mg iii	0.276
13	Al i	0.43	Al iv	0.427
14	Si i	0.65	Si v	0.632
15	P i	0.92	P vi	0.902
16	S i	1.25	S vii	1.249
17	Cl i	1.63	Cl viii	1.687
18	A i	2.07	A ix	2.231
19	K i	2.7	K x	2.90
20	Ca i	3.6	Ca xi	3.70
21	Sc i	4.7	Sc xii	4.66
22	Ti i	6.0	Ti xiii	5.80
23	V i	7.5	V xiv	7.14
24	Cr i	9.2	Cr xv	8.7
25	Mn i	11.0	Mn xvi	10.5
26	Fe i	13.0	Fe xvii	12.5
27	Co i	15.1	Co xviii	14.9
28	Ni i	17.4	Ni xix	17.5
29	Cu i	20.0	Cu xx	20.5
30	Zn i	23.2	Zn xxi	23.8

Z	Species	M_IIM_III	Species	M_IIM_III
18	A i	0.178	A i	0.178
19	K i	0.3	K ii	0.268
20	Ca i	0.4	Ca iii	0.386
21	Sc i	0.5	Sc iv	0.537
22	Ti i	0.7	Ti v	0.725
23	V i	0.9	V vi	0.954
24	Cr i	1.2	Cr vii	1.229
25	Mn i	1.5	Mn viii	1.555
26	Fe i	1.9	Fe ix	1.938
27	Co i	2.3	Co x	2.384
28	Ni i	2.8	Ni xi	2.90
29	Cu i	3.3	Cu xii	3.49
30	Zn i	3.9	Zn xiii	4.17

Abstract

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Tables (10)

Journal of the Optical Society of America