Abstract

This paper reports a theory of integrating spheres filled completely with absorbing and scattering material. The development is oriented toward describing the behavior of such an integrating sphere when it is used as a spectrophotometer. The output ratio and effective light-path length of an integrating sphere spectrophotometer are introduced. Equations of radiative transfer theory are given for the determination of the output ratio and effective path length. Several approximations are derived for integrating sphere spectrophotometers having absorption but no scattering in the interior volume. Finally, the equations for an angularly symmetric spherical cavity having absorption and scattering are reduced to solution of the equations for a sphere having a perfectly absorbing wall.

© 1965 Optical Society of America

Reflectance of Nonperfect Surfaces in the Integrating Sphere

Bjarne J. Hisdal
J. Opt. Soc. Am. 55(10) 1255-1260 (1965)

Reflectance of Perfect Diffuse and Specular Samples in the Integrating Sphere

Bjarne J. Hisdal
J. Opt. Soc. Am. 55(9) 1122-1125 (1965)

Theory of the Integrating Sphere

Jonn A. Jacquez and Hans F. Kuppenheim
J. Opt. Soc. Am. 45(6) 460-470 (1955)

Diffuse Scattered Radiation Theories of Duntley and of Kubelka–Munk

Arthur L. Lathrop
J. Opt. Soc. Am. 55(9) 1097-1104 (1965)

Experimental Study of Multiple Light Scattering*

C. Smart, R. Jacobsen, M. Kerker, J. P. Kratohvil, and E. Matijević
J. Opt. Soc. Am. 55(8) 947-952 (1965)