Comprehensive Performance Assessment of Bipartition Upstream Bandwidth Assignment Schemes in GPON

Jhong-Yue Lee; I-Shyan Hwang; AliAkbar Nikoukar; Andrew Tanny Liem

doi:10.1364/JOCN.5.001285

Journal of Optical Communications and Networking
Vol. 5,
Issue 11,
pp. 1285-1295
(2013)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.5.001285

Comprehensive Performance Assessment of Bipartition Upstream Bandwidth Assignment Schemes in GPON

Jhong-Yue Lee, I-Shyan Hwang, AliAkbar Nikoukar, and Andrew Tanny Liem

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Jhong-Yue Lee, I-Shyan Hwang, AliAkbar Nikoukar, and Andrew Tanny Liem, "Comprehensive Performance Assessment of Bipartition Upstream Bandwidth Assignment Schemes in GPON," J. Opt. Commun. Netw. 5, 1285-1295 (2013)

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Abstract

With the emerging diversified services, the gigabit-capable passive optical network (GPON) has emerged as one of the most important technologies to support the next-generation broadband access networks. Dynamic bandwidth assignment (DBA) avoids transmission collision in the upstream direction and improves the efficiency of the PON upstream bandwidth by dynamically adjusting the bandwidth among the optical network units (ONUs) in response to the ONU burst traffic requirement. Instead of using GATE and REPORT control messages in Ethernet PON DBA, the buffer REPORT/GRANT message is embedded into a GPON encapsulation mode (GEM)/GPON transmission convergence (GTC) frame, and all ONUs are essentially polled simultaneously within a GEM/GTC frame in GPON DBA. This paper proposes a bipartition DBA (BI-DBA) mechanism in GPON that divides the transmission cycle time into two groups and adjusts the bandwidth dynamically. Two cases are considered: in the first case, there is a first group for high priorities T-CONT 1 and T-CONT 2 and a second group for low priorities T-CONT 3 and T-CONT 4, called class based scheduling (CBDBA). In the second case, the first and the second group are created according to the number of ONUs, called group based scheduling (GBDBA). Moreover, the T-CONT 2 traffic has a prediction mechanism and recycles the remaining unused bandwidth for the low-priority T-CONTs. The GBDBA has better system performances in terms of the average bandwidth utilization, packet latency, and drop probability; on the other hand, the CBDBA has better packet delay performance when the proportion of T-CONT 1 traffic is higher and has better fairness performance.

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Symbol	Definition
$C$	Transmission cycle time, an interval of time in which each ONU should receive a GRANT message and send a buffer REPORT message
$C_{i}$	The cycle time for ${ONU}_{i}$
$N$	Number of ONUs
$S$	OLT link capacity
$B^{all}$	Available bandwidth to the upstream in one cycle
$T^{\max}$	The maximum cycle time
$T_{g}$	Guard time
$W_{i}$	Weight of ${ONU}_{i}$
$B_{excess}$	Excessive bandwidth, the sum of under-utilized bandwidth of lightly loaded ONUs
$B_{remain}$	Remaining available bandwidth, can be retained for the next group to enhance the bandwidth efficiency for GBDBA
$T_{waiting}$	Time between sending the buffer REPORT message and sending the buffered frames
$T_{waiting, i}$	Waiting time for ${ONU}_{i}$
$B_{i}^{\min}$	Minimum guaranteed bandwidth for ${ONU}_{i}$
$B_{C + 1}^{recycle}$	Remaining unused bandwidth, can be recycled and allocated to the second group
$B_{i, C + 1}^{ex}$ :	Extra bandwidth, can be obtained by the proportion of bandwidth requirements of ${ONU}_{i}$ in the ( $C + 1$ )th cycle
$F_{i, C}^{T}$	First value that later in the algorithm may be complemented by additional bandwidth from the excess bandwidth allocation belonging to ${ONU}_{i}$ for the $C$ th cycle
$G_{i, C}^{g j}$	Total granted bandwidth to the group $j$ of ${ONU}_{i}$ in the $C$ th cycle, $j \in {1, 2}$
$G_{i, C + 1}^{T 3_assured}$	Minimum assured bandwidth of T-CONT 3
$G_{i, C + 1}^{T 3_non_assured}$	Additional nonassured bandwidth of T-CONT 3
${\bar{H C}}_{i}^{T}$	Average bandwidth requirement of history cycle of T-CONTs ( $T$ ) of ${ONU}_{i}$ , $T \in {T -CONT 2, T -CONT 3, T -CONT 4}$
$P_{i, C}^{index}$	Prediction index of T-CONT 2 of ${ONU}_{i}$ in the $C$ th cycle for CBDBA
$P_{i, C}^{T}$	Prediction index of T-CONTs ( $T$ ) of ${ONU}_{i}$ in the $C$ th cycle for GBDBA, $T \in {T -CONT 2, T -CONT 3, T -CONT 4}$
$Δ P_{i, C}^{T}$	Prediction value of T-CONTs ( $T$ ) of ${ONU}_{i}$ in the $C$ th cycle for GBDBA, $T \in {T -CONT 2, T -CONT 3, T -CONT 4}$
$R_{i, C}^{T}$	Bandwidth requirements of T-CONTs ( $T$ ) of ${ONU}_{i}$ in the $C$ th cycle, $T \in {T -CONT 2, T -CONT 3, T -CONT 4}$

Number of ONUs in the system	32
Upstream/downstream link capacity	1.24 Gbps
OLT–ONU distance (uniform)	20–40 km
Buffer size	10 MB
Frame	125 μs GTC/GPON encapsulation mode (GEM)
Maximum transmission cycle time	1 ms
Guard time	96 ns
Computation time of DBA	10 μs
	T-CONTs
Traffic proportions	T1	T2	T3	T4
1621	10%	60%	20%	10%
1432	10%	40%	30%	20%
4411	40%	40%	10%	10%
4222	40%	20%	20%	20%

Symbol	Definition
$C$	Transmission cycle time, an interval of time in which each ONU should receive a GRANT message and send a buffer REPORT message
$C_{i}$	The cycle time for ${ONU}_{i}$
$N$	Number of ONUs
$S$	OLT link capacity
$B^{all}$	Available bandwidth to the upstream in one cycle
$T^{\max}$	The maximum cycle time
$T_{g}$	Guard time
$W_{i}$	Weight of ${ONU}_{i}$
$B_{excess}$	Excessive bandwidth, the sum of under-utilized bandwidth of lightly loaded ONUs
$B_{remain}$	Remaining available bandwidth, can be retained for the next group to enhance the bandwidth efficiency for GBDBA
$T_{waiting}$	Time between sending the buffer REPORT message and sending the buffered frames
$T_{waiting, i}$	Waiting time for ${ONU}_{i}$
$B_{i}^{\min}$	Minimum guaranteed bandwidth for ${ONU}_{i}$
$B_{C + 1}^{recycle}$	Remaining unused bandwidth, can be recycled and allocated to the second group
$B_{i, C + 1}^{ex}$ :	Extra bandwidth, can be obtained by the proportion of bandwidth requirements of ${ONU}_{i}$ in the ( $C + 1$ )th cycle
$F_{i, C}^{T}$	First value that later in the algorithm may be complemented by additional bandwidth from the excess bandwidth allocation belonging to ${ONU}_{i}$ for the $C$ th cycle
$G_{i, C}^{g j}$	Total granted bandwidth to the group $j$ of ${ONU}_{i}$ in the $C$ th cycle, $j \in {1, 2}$
$G_{i, C + 1}^{T 3_assured}$	Minimum assured bandwidth of T-CONT 3
$G_{i, C + 1}^{T 3_non_assured}$	Additional nonassured bandwidth of T-CONT 3
${\bar{H C}}_{i}^{T}$	Average bandwidth requirement of history cycle of T-CONTs ( $T$ ) of ${ONU}_{i}$ , $T \in {T -CONT 2, T -CONT 3, T -CONT 4}$
$P_{i, C}^{index}$	Prediction index of T-CONT 2 of ${ONU}_{i}$ in the $C$ th cycle for CBDBA
$P_{i, C}^{T}$	Prediction index of T-CONTs ( $T$ ) of ${ONU}_{i}$ in the $C$ th cycle for GBDBA, $T \in {T -CONT 2, T -CONT 3, T -CONT 4}$
$Δ P_{i, C}^{T}$	Prediction value of T-CONTs ( $T$ ) of ${ONU}_{i}$ in the $C$ th cycle for GBDBA, $T \in {T -CONT 2, T -CONT 3, T -CONT 4}$
$R_{i, C}^{T}$	Bandwidth requirements of T-CONTs ( $T$ ) of ${ONU}_{i}$ in the $C$ th cycle, $T \in {T -CONT 2, T -CONT 3, T -CONT 4}$

Number of ONUs in the system	32
Upstream/downstream link capacity	1.24 Gbps
OLT–ONU distance (uniform)	20–40 km
Buffer size	10 MB
Frame	125 μs GTC/GPON encapsulation mode (GEM)
Maximum transmission cycle time	1 ms
Guard time	96 ns
Computation time of DBA	10 μs
	T-CONTs
Traffic proportions	T1	T2	T3	T4
1621	10%	60%	20%	10%
1432	10%	40%	30%	20%
4411	40%	40%	10%	10%
4222	40%	20%	20%	20%

Abstract

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Tables (2)

Equations (6)

Journal of Optical Communications and Networking