Abstract
Photonic crystal nanocavities are expected to make great contributions
in areas of physics and engineering such as the slowing and stopping of light
and optical quantum information processing. We first review approaches to
the goal of increasing the quality factor of two-dimensional photonic crystal
nanocavities. Losses from a cavity can be suppressed, with a consequent increase
of the quality factor, by containing the electromagnetic field in the form
of a Gaussian envelope function. We then propose a new method of analytical
cavity design, based on the detailed investigation of waveguide modes, in
order to realize Gaussian cavity mode fields. This has enabled us to achieve
a quality factor of ${{\sim}10^{9}}$ while maintaining a cavity volume of one cubic wavelength.
© 2008 IEEE
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