Performance evaluation of a dual fringe-imaging Michelson interferometer for air parameter measurements with a 355 nm Rayleigh-Mie lidar

Nicolas Cézard; Agnès Dolfi-Bouteyre; Jean-Pierre Huignard; Pierre H. Flamant

doi:10.1364/AO.48.002321

Applied Optics
Vol. 48,
Issue 12,
pp. 2321-2332
(2009)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.48.002321

Performance evaluation of a dual fringe-imaging Michelson interferometer for air parameter measurements with a $355 nm$ Rayleigh–Mie lidar

Nicolas Cézard, Agnès Dolfi-Bouteyre, Jean-Pierre Huignard, and Pierre H. Flamant

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Nicolas Cézard, Agnès Dolfi-Bouteyre, Jean-Pierre Huignard, and Pierre H. Flamant, "Performance evaluation of a dual fringe-imaging Michelson interferometer for air parameter measurements with a 355 nm Rayleigh-Mie lidar," Appl. Opt. 48, 2321-2332 (2009)

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- Remote Sensing and Sensors
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About this Article
History
- Original Manuscript: September 26, 2008
- Revised Manuscript: March 27, 2009
- Manuscript Accepted: March 30, 2009
- Published: April 14, 2009

Abstract

A new concept of spectrum analyzer is proposed for short-range lidar measurements in airborne applications. It implements a combination of two fringe-imaging Michelson interferometers to analyze the Rayleigh–Mie spectrum backscattered by molecules and particles at $355 nm$ . The objective is to perform simultaneous measurements of four variables: the air speed, the air temperature and density, and the particle scattering ratio. The Cramer–Rao bounds are calculated to evaluate the best expectable measurement accuracies. The performance optimization shows that a Michelson interferometer with a path difference of $3 cm$ is optimal for air speed measurements in clear air. To optimize density, temperature, and scattering ratio measurements, the second interferometer should be set to a path difference of $10 cm$ at least; $20 cm$ would be better to be less sensitive to the actual Rayleigh–Brillouin line shape.

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	$u_{r}$ $(m s^{- 1})$	$ρ^{*}$	T (K)	α
True $\vec{θ}$	100	0.5	250	1.2
Estimated $\vec{θ}$	$99.9$	$0.50$	$250.2$	$1.20$
CRB	0.6	0.14%	2.1	0.003
Std. dev.	$0.6$	$0.14 %$	$2.1$	$0.003$

Atmospheric Parameters	Density Bias $(ρ _{Gaussian} - ρ _{Tenti})$	Temperature Bias $(T_{Gaussian} - T_{Tenti})$
$ρ * = 1$ , $T = 288 K$ $(y = 0.39)$ , $α = 1.5$	$+ 5 %$	$- 14 K$
$ρ * = 0.5$ , $T = 250 K$ $(y = 0.20)$ , $α = 1.1$	$+ 2 %$	$- 9 K$
$ρ * = 0.1$ , $T = 220 K$ $(y = 0.04)$ , $α = 1.0$	$< + 1 %$	$- 4 K$

	$u_{r}$ $(m s^{- 1})$	$ρ^{*}$	T (K)	α
True $\vec{θ}$	100	0.5	250	1.2
Estimated $\vec{θ}$	$99.9$	$0.50$	$250.2$	$1.20$
CRB	0.6	0.14%	2.1	0.003
Std. dev.	$0.6$	$0.14 %$	$2.1$	$0.003$

Atmospheric Parameters	Density Bias $(ρ _{Gaussian} - ρ _{Tenti})$	Temperature Bias $(T_{Gaussian} - T_{Tenti})$
$ρ * = 1$ , $T = 288 K$ $(y = 0.39)$ , $α = 1.5$	$+ 5 %$	$- 14 K$
$ρ * = 0.5$ , $T = 250 K$ $(y = 0.20)$ , $α = 1.1$	$+ 2 %$	$- 9 K$
$ρ * = 0.1$ , $T = 220 K$ $(y = 0.04)$ , $α = 1.0$	$< + 1 %$	$- 4 K$

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Applied Optics