Abstract

Optical waveguides have been obtained by field-assisted Cu⁺–Na⁺ exchanged on glass. The refractive index profiles of the waveguides are determined by means of the prism-coupling technique and Chiang’s method [J. Lightwave Technol. LT-3, 385 (1985)], and they correlate with the index profile calculated as a function of the glass composition. The composition profile is examined with the aid of a scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive x-ray analysis, and the diffusion process is explained by the one-dimensional diffusion equation.

© 1995 Optical Society of America

Polarizability, volume expansion, and stress contributions to the refractive index change of Cu⁺-Na⁺ ion exchanged waveguides in glass

Robert Oven
Appl. Opt. 50(26) 5073-5079 (2011)

Optical channel waveguides by copper ion-exchange in glass

D. Salazar, H. Porte, and H. Márquez
Appl. Opt. 36(34) 8987-8991 (1997)

Planar waveguides formed by Ag⁺–Na⁺ ion exchange in nonlinear optical glasses: diffusion and optical properties

Marc Martin, Jean J. Videau, Lionel Canioni, Frédéric Adamietz, Laurent Sarger, and Gilles Le Flem
Appl. Opt. 39(3) 435-440 (2000)

Wavelength-dependent propagation characteristics of Ag⁺–Na⁺ exchanged planar glass waveguides

S. I. Najafi, R. Srivastava, and R. V. Ramaswamy
Appl. Opt. 25(11) 1840-1843 (1986)

Determination of refractive index profiles of Ag⁺-Na⁺ ion-exchange multimode strip waveguides by variable wavefront shear double-refracting interferometry microinterferometry

Piotr Mrozek, Ewa Mrozek, and Tadeusz Lukaszewicz
Appl. Opt. 45(4) 756-763 (2006)