Midlatitude lidar backscatter to mass, area, and extinction conversion model based on in situ aerosol measurements from 1980 to 1987

Horst Jäger; David Hofmann

doi:10.1364/AO.30.000127

Applied Optics
Vol. 30,
Issue 1,
pp. 127-138
(1991)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.30.000127

Midlatitude lidar backscatter to mass, area, and extinction conversion model based on in situ aerosol measurements from 1980 to 1987

Horst Jäger and David Hofmann

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Horst Jäger and David Hofmann, "Midlatitude lidar backscatter to mass, area, and extinction conversion model based on in situ aerosol measurements from 1980 to 1987," Appl. Opt. 30, 127-138 (1991)

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Abstract

Balloonborne particle counter data from Laramie, WY are used to define a seasonally averaged stratospheric sulfuric acid aerosol size distribution in three altitude intervals from 15 to 30 km for the 1980–1987 period. This period includes the volcanic eruptions of Mt. St. Helens, Alaid, Nyamuragira, El Chichon, and Nevado del Ruiz and begins and ends at what are believed to be periods of near background (nonvolcanic) stratospheric conditions. The size distributions are used to calculate lidar backscatter to extinction, mass, and area ratios for an appropriate range of particle indices of refraction. These ratios may then be used to infer particle extinction, mass, and area from midlatitude lidar data for this time period.

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Wavelength (μm)		532		532		532		694		694		694		1064		1064	1064
Range (km)Refr. index		15–20 1.44/45		20–25 1.44/45		25–30 1.44/45		15–20 1.44/45		20–25 1.44/45		25–30 1.44/45		15–20 1.44/45		20–25 1.44/45	25–30 1.44/45

YEAR	MONTH
79/80		51		55		62		48		53		54		41		45	35
80	3–6	54		57				48		51				36		38
80	7–10	56		53				52		47				40		37
80/81	11–2	59		61		56		53		50		47		40		32	34
81	3–6	54		59		55		49		47		46		38		28	31
81	7–10	59		59		54		51		45		43		36		26	29
81/82	11–2	61		63		59		53		50		46		35		29	26
82	3–6	62		53		44		53		46		41		35		36	41
82	7–10	49	46	38	34	42	39	49		48	44	42		48		62	48
82/83	11–2	22	19	39	34	49	44	32	27	50	47	59		58	54	66	68
83	3–6	22	19	40	36	43	39	33	28	51	47	49	46	61	57	65	58
83	7–10	23	20	43	39	47	44	35	30	55	51	52	49	62	58	65	54
83/84	11–2	26	22	44	39	42	38	38	34	54	51	47	45	62		65	55
84	3–6	30	26	41	36	40	36	42	38	52	49	50	46	64		67	63
84	7–10	32	28	44	40	46	42	43	39	53	51	51		64		63	59
84/85	11–2	31	27	41	37	46	42	43	38	51	48	48		62		64	54
85	3–6	34	30	44	40			46	41	53	50			64		63
85	7–10	35	31	48	45	52		44	40	51		49		57		55	41
85/86	11–2	38	36	49		51		42	39	50		49		44		47	43
86	3–6	43	40	50		50		46	43	51		49		49		49	45
86	7–10	44	41	54		49		48	45	55		48		49		49	42
86/87	11–2	40	37	53		59		44	41	54		53		47		49	39
87	3–6	36	34	51		57		40	37	53		52		43		50	39
87	7–10	35	33	52		58		39	36	54		52		42		49	39

Wavelength (μm)		532		532		532		694		694		694		1064		1064	1064
Range, km Refr. index Spec. gravity		15–20 1.44/45 1.65		20–25 1.44/45 1.70		25–30 1.44/45 1.75		15–20 1.44/45 1.65		20–25 1.44/45 1.70		25–30 1.44/45 1.75		15–20 1.44/45 1.65		20–25 1.44/45 1.70	25–30 1.44/45 1.75

YEAR	MONTH
79/80		18		17		18		25		24		26		46		44	46
80	3–6	18		18				26		26				49		48
80	7–10	18		18				25		26				46		46
80/81	11–2	17		19		19		25		27		28		44		46	48
81	3–6	18		20		20		26		28		29		48		49	56
81	7–10	18		20		21		26		27		29		46		48	55
81/82	11–2	18		20		21		26		28		29		46		48	52
82	3–6	18		19	18	19		25		26		26		41		48	54
82	7–10	16	15	14	12	17	16	22	20	19	17	23	21	35		33	42
82/83	11–2	13	12	14	12	15	13	16	14	18	17	21	19	27	25	33	39
83	3–6	13	11	14	12	16	15	16	14	19	17	22	21	27	25	33	42
83	7–10	13	11	14	12	17	16	16	14	19	18	23	22	28	25	34	43
83/84	11–2	13	11	14	13	17	15	16	14	19	18	23	22	28	26	36	46
84	3–6	13	12	14	12	15	14	17	15	19	17	21	20	31	29	35	42
84	7–10	13	11	14	13	16	14	17	15	20	18	22	20	31	29	36	41
84/85	11–2	13	12	15	13	17	15	17	15	20	18	23	21	31	29	38	43
85	3–6	13	12	15	13			18	16	20	18			32	30	37
85	7–10	15	13	16	14	19	18	19	18	22	20	26		34	32	40	50
85/86	11–2	17	16	17	16	19	17	22	20	24	22	26		36	33	42	47
86	3–6	16	14	17	16	18	17	21	19	24	22	25		35	32	41	45
86	7–10	16	15	17	16	19	18	21	20	24	22	26		36	34	42	48
86/87	11–2	16	15	17	15	19		21	19	24	22	27		34	32	41	48
87	3–6	17	16	17	15	19		22	20	23	21	27		34	32	39	50
87	7–10	17	16	17	15	19		22	20	23	22	26		34	32	39	47

Wavelength (μm)		532		532		532	694		694	694	1064	1064	1064
Range (km) Refr. index		15–20 1.44/45		20–25 1.44/45		25–30 1.44/45	15–20 1.44/45		20–25 1.44/45	25–30 1.44/45	15–20 1.44/45	20–25 1.44/45	25–30 1.44/45

YEAR	MONTH
79/80		23		18		21	33		26	30	61	48	54
80	3–6	25		22			36		31		68	57
80	7–10	21		20			30		28		56	52
80/81	11–2	19		22		22	26		30	30	47	53	54
81	3–6	24		25		28	35		35	40	66	62	77
81	7–10	22		25		28	31		35	40	55	61	76
81/82	11–2	22		24		26	31		33	37	54	58	66
82	3–6	18		22		24	25		31	34	41	58	71
82	7–10	11		6.6		15	16		9.0	20	27	16	39
82/83	11–2	4.5	3.9	5.9	5.3	8.2	5.4	4.7	7.8	12	9.7	15	23
83	3–6	4.2	3.6	6.7	6.0	14	5.2	4.5	8.8	19	8.5	16	38
83	7–10	4.1	3.6	7.0	6.2	13	5.1	4.5	9.3	18	8.4	17	34
83/84	11–2	4.4	3.8	8.3	7.4	17	5.6	4.9	11	24	9.4	21	50
84	3–6	6.6	5.7	7.9	7.0	13	8.6	7.7	10	18	15	20	37
84	7–10	5.6	4.9	9.0	8.1	12	7.3	6.5	12	17	13	23	32
84/85	11–2	5.8	5.1	11	9.4	15	7.6	6.8	14	20	13	28	40
85	3–6	7.1	6.3	10	8.8		9.5	8.5	13		17	25
85	7–10	7.4	6.6	12		21	9.4		17	30	17	32	58
85/86	11–2	8.2		15		20	11		22	29	17	39	53
86	3–6	8.7		14		18	12		20	26	19	37	48
86	7–10	9.7		15		20	13		21	28	22	38	53
86/87	11–2	7.5		13		20	10		19	29	16	34	51
87	3–6	6.8		12		22	8.7		17	32	13	30	59
87	7–10	7.2		12		20	9.1		17	28	14	30	50

Wavelength (μm)		532		532		532		694		694		694		1064		1064	1064
Range (km)Refr. index		15–20 1.44/45		20–25 1.44/45		25–30 1.44/45		15–20 1.44/45		20–25 1.44/45		25–30 1.44/45		15–20 1.44/45		20–25 1.44/45	25–30 1.44/45

YEAR	MONTH
79/80		51		55		62		48		53		54		41		45	35
80	3–6	54		57				48		51				36		38
80	7–10	56		53				52		47				40		37
80/81	11–2	59		61		56		53		50		47		40		32	34
81	3–6	54		59		55		49		47		46		38		28	31
81	7–10	59		59		54		51		45		43		36		26	29
81/82	11–2	61		63		59		53		50		46		35		29	26
82	3–6	62		53		44		53		46		41		35		36	41
82	7–10	49	46	38	34	42	39	49		48	44	42		48		62	48
82/83	11–2	22	19	39	34	49	44	32	27	50	47	59		58	54	66	68
83	3–6	22	19	40	36	43	39	33	28	51	47	49	46	61	57	65	58
83	7–10	23	20	43	39	47	44	35	30	55	51	52	49	62	58	65	54
83/84	11–2	26	22	44	39	42	38	38	34	54	51	47	45	62		65	55
84	3–6	30	26	41	36	40	36	42	38	52	49	50	46	64		67	63
84	7–10	32	28	44	40	46	42	43	39	53	51	51		64		63	59
84/85	11–2	31	27	41	37	46	42	43	38	51	48	48		62		64	54
85	3–6	34	30	44	40			46	41	53	50			64		63
85	7–10	35	31	48	45	52		44	40	51		49		57		55	41
85/86	11–2	38	36	49		51		42	39	50		49		44		47	43
86	3–6	43	40	50		50		46	43	51		49		49		49	45
86	7–10	44	41	54		49		48	45	55		48		49		49	42
86/87	11–2	40	37	53		59		44	41	54		53		47		49	39
87	3–6	36	34	51		57		40	37	53		52		43		50	39
87	7–10	35	33	52		58		39	36	54		52		42		49	39

Wavelength (μm)		532		532		532		694		694		694		1064		1064	1064
Range, km Refr. index Spec. gravity		15–20 1.44/45 1.65		20–25 1.44/45 1.70		25–30 1.44/45 1.75		15–20 1.44/45 1.65		20–25 1.44/45 1.70		25–30 1.44/45 1.75		15–20 1.44/45 1.65		20–25 1.44/45 1.70	25–30 1.44/45 1.75

YEAR	MONTH
79/80		18		17		18		25		24		26		46		44	46
80	3–6	18		18				26		26				49		48
80	7–10	18		18				25		26				46		46
80/81	11–2	17		19		19		25		27		28		44		46	48
81	3–6	18		20		20		26		28		29		48		49	56
81	7–10	18		20		21		26		27		29		46		48	55
81/82	11–2	18		20		21		26		28		29		46		48	52
82	3–6	18		19	18	19		25		26		26		41		48	54
82	7–10	16	15	14	12	17	16	22	20	19	17	23	21	35		33	42
82/83	11–2	13	12	14	12	15	13	16	14	18	17	21	19	27	25	33	39
83	3–6	13	11	14	12	16	15	16	14	19	17	22	21	27	25	33	42
83	7–10	13	11	14	12	17	16	16	14	19	18	23	22	28	25	34	43
83/84	11–2	13	11	14	13	17	15	16	14	19	18	23	22	28	26	36	46
84	3–6	13	12	14	12	15	14	17	15	19	17	21	20	31	29	35	42
84	7–10	13	11	14	13	16	14	17	15	20	18	22	20	31	29	36	41
84/85	11–2	13	12	15	13	17	15	17	15	20	18	23	21	31	29	38	43
85	3–6	13	12	15	13			18	16	20	18			32	30	37
85	7–10	15	13	16	14	19	18	19	18	22	20	26		34	32	40	50
85/86	11–2	17	16	17	16	19	17	22	20	24	22	26		36	33	42	47
86	3–6	16	14	17	16	18	17	21	19	24	22	25		35	32	41	45
86	7–10	16	15	17	16	19	18	21	20	24	22	26		36	34	42	48
86/87	11–2	16	15	17	15	19		21	19	24	22	27		34	32	41	48
87	3–6	17	16	17	15	19		22	20	23	21	27		34	32	39	50
87	7–10	17	16	17	15	19		22	20	23	22	26		34	32	39	47

Abstract

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Figures (10)

Tables (3)

Equations (4)

Applied Optics