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Simultaneous wavelength locking of microring modulator array with a single monitoring signal

Po Dong, Robert Gatdula, Kwangwoong Kim, Jeffrey H. Sinsky, Argishti Melikyan, Young-Kai Chen, Guilhem de Valicourt, and Jeffrey Lee

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Abstract

A microring modulator array coupled to a common bus waveguide can be used to construct low power, compact and flexible wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) transmitters. However, due to extremely small working bandwidths of the rings, it is challenging to find the right resonant wavelength setting and locking the resonance to an external laser. In the paper, we propose a novel technique enabling simultaneous wavelength locking of a microring modulator array with a single monitor, together with automatically optimizing the wavelength setting. We experimentally demonstrate locking three rings over a temperature range >40 °C at 3x20 Gb/s on-off-keying (OOK) modulation and ~3x75 Gb/s discrete multi-tone (DMT) modulation.

© 2017 Optical Society of America

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Figures (6)
Fig. 1
Fig. 1 Proposed closed-loop control of a modulator array with the detection of RF power in the through port. MPD: monitor photo detector. In this paper, we use an external MPD and RF power detector.

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Fig. 2
Fig. 2 Spectra of the silicon photonic chip under test with a temperature of 25 °C and 70 °C. The inset shows a picture of the device packaged with RF and DC boards.

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Fig. 3
Fig. 3 (a-d) Optical eye diagrams with increasing monitor RF power. (e) Detected RF power as a function of number of rings locked to show incoherent summation of RF power among different channels. (f) Change in RF power for each ring as a function of their respective heater power biases.

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Fig. 4
Fig. 4 (a) Temperature cycle during active locking. (b)-(d) Eye diagrams of three channels during the temperature cycle shown in (a), while the rings are simultaneously locked to the input wavelengths. (e) Locked modulation spectrum.

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Fig. 5
Fig. 5 BERs during the temperature cycles for (a) ring 1, (b) ring 2, and (c) ring 3. Different curves represent the cases with different launching power to the optical receiver before BER tester. The launching powers for ring 1 are −11 dBm (red), −10 dBm (green), and −8 dBm (blue). For ring 2 they are −12 dBm (red), −10 dBm (green), and −9 dBm (blue). For ring 3 they are −13 dBm (red), −11.5 dBm (green), and −10.5 dBm (blue).

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Fig. 6
Fig. 6 BERs for DMT modulation while three rings are wavelength-locked.

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