Abstract
The near field of a photonic crystal is highly structured due to the strong, periodic lattice of large refractive index variations. With a phasesensitive near-field microscope we have investigated the complex field patterns in detail. On slightly disordered photonic crystals we can determine statistical properties of the disorder from the correlations between phase singularities. We also find that the decay of the evanescent field of modes in photonic crystal waveguides cannot be described with a single exponential. Through the phase-sensitive measurement of the two main orthogonal components of the near field we can determine all three parameters defining the polarization state of the light near the waveguide. We find that the parameters vary on a sub-wavelength length scale and within one unit cell of the photonic crystal. We find polarization singularities in each unit cell.
© 2008 Optical Society of America
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