Abstract
Lasers with a wavelength of 2 µm have a wide variety of applications in different fields of medicine, material processing, and LIDAR-systems. Due to the strong absorption in water, this laser radiation can be considered eye-safe. The rare-earth-ion thulium allows the emission of 2 µm radiation while it can be pumped at about 800 nm. The excitation energy is transfered to the upper laser level by a cross relaxation process which leads to a quantum efficiency of up to 2.
© 2009 IEEE
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